In project management, what is meant by 'dependency'?

In project management, 'dependency' refers to a specific relationship between tasks where the start or completion of one task is contingent upon the start or completion of another. This means that if Task A must be completed before Task B can begin, then Task B is dependent on Task A. Understanding dependencies is crucial for effective scheduling and resource management, as they help to define the sequence and timing of activities within a project.

For instance, in software development, coding may need to be completed before testing can begin, illustrating a clear dependency between these tasks. By recognizing and managing these dependencies, project managers can avoid delays and ensure that the project progresses smoothly. This concept is fundamental to creating Gantt charts and other project scheduling tools, which visually represent these relationships to help in planning and execution.